1204: During the Fourth Crusade, the Crusaders captured and sacked Constantinople.
1598: King Henry IV of France issued the Edict of Nantes, granting religious freedom to French Protestants known as Huguenots.
1742: Handel's oratorio "Messiah" was performed publicly for the first time in Dublin, Ireland.
1743: Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, was born at Shadwell in Virginia.
1870: The Metropolitan Museum of Art (The Met) was founded in New York City.
1919: The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in Amritsar, India, where British soldiers fired on unarmed Indian civilians, resulting in hundreds of deaths.
1941: During World War II, Soviet forces successfully repelled a major German attack in the Battle of Smolensk.
1964: Sidney Poitier became the first African American to win the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in "Lilies of the Field."
1970: An oxygen tank explosion aboard the Apollo 13 spacecraft caused a critical failure in the service module, prompting the famous line "Houston, we have a problem" to be radioed to NASA.
1986: In response to a bombing at a disco frequented by American soldiers in Berlin, the United States conducted airstrikes on Libya.
1997: Tiger Woods, at the age of 21, became the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament.
2005: Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger was elected as Pope Benedict XVI, succeeding Pope John Paul II.
2006: The Irish Republican Army (IRA) announced an end to its armed campaign and embraced peaceful methods.
2010: Former President of Poland Lech Kaczyński and his wife died in a plane crash in Russia.
2016: A suicide bomber attacked Sultanahmet Square in Istanbul, Turkey, resulting in the deaths of several individuals.
2019: A significant fire broke out at the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris, causing severe damage to the historic structure.
2029: On April 13, 2029, an asteroid named Apophis will pass very close to Earth, closer than some orbiting satellites.
2036: Concerns arose among scientists about the possibility of the Apophis asteroid impacting Earth on April 13, 2036.
2074: Humanity celebrated a return to the Moon on April 13, 2074, marking 75 years since the end of the Apollo program.
2143: On April 13, 2143, humanity began exploring a new planet, venturing beyond the boundaries of Earth.
These events represent a diverse range of historical moments that have shaped human history over the centuries.
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